Behavioral change project - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2022 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/04/05 Category Psychology Essay Level High school Topics: Behavior Essay Did you like this example? Step 1: Set goals and identify rewards On this assignment, I choose to focus on changing the way I eat the reason why Im focusing on this topic is that diabetes runs in my family my mom, uncle, and grandfather has diabetes. We are focusing to change the way we eat I sat down with my family and told them that we need to start eating healthier. Also, I am wary about changing my eating routine since I have become used to eating or drinking similar sustenances, and this is a dread to take a stab at something new in light of the fact that I am accustomed to eating similar stuff. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Behavioral change project" essay for you Create order One of the initial moves toward vanquishing awful dietary patterns is giving careful consideration to what Im eating and drinking. Read sustenance marks, get comfortable with arrangements of fixings, and begin to pay attention to what I put in my mouth. When I turn out to be more mindful of what Im eating, I begin to acknowledge how I have to enhance my eating regimen. I Plan to take a bit of fruit to class each day for a snack, stock up on grain and natural product for fast morning meals, and go to the rec center after my classes three times each week. To state I will work out additional,wont encourage me. What will help is thinking about when and how you can fit it into your way of life. I will likely eat more vegetables, I need to reveal to myself Ill attempt one new veggie every week until the point when I discover some I truly appreciate. I search for simple approaches to include one all the more serving of vegetables to my eating regimen every week until the point that I achieve my objective. The reason why I havent change this behavior in the past because I wasnt caring about my health or how and what I was eating, and then when I found out my mom had diabetes it made me think like what am Im doing why Im eating so bad like I had a whole new perspective on eating better. Step 2: Assess your current behavior Day1-2: On Monday at 7:50 am I want to the dining hall to eat breakfast I had grits and bacon with some orange juice. I sat with my friends and we were talking, everything around me was kinda slow because people looked tired. I was thinking about how I need to hurry up class starts at 8:00 am my mood was tired cause I woke up around 6:30 am. I ate a bowl, 1 glass and two pieces of bacon. for lunch, I had rice with broccoli l and carrots with lemon water I went to lunch around 12:00 pm with my roommate the dining hall was a little noisy I was thinking about what was I going to do after I finish eating my food. I ate ?†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å" of a plate and 1glass of lemon water. On day 2 Tuesday I woke up the same time this time I had oatmeal for breakfast with fruits and apple juice I ate a bowl, 1 glass and 1 cup of fruits I want to lunch at 2:00 pm I had one slice of plan pizza with a cup of water. Day 3-4: On Wednesday at 9:30 am I had a bowl of honey bunches of oats for breakfast, yogurt, and pineapple juice. This time I ate in my room because I went food shopping. I was thinking about going to sleep but I realized that I had a class in 10 minutes my mood was very lazy I didnt feel like doing anything. I ate a bowl of cereal, a bottle of juice and yogurt. For lunch I stayed in my room again I had leftover spinach pasta with broccoli and cranberry juice. On Thursday I skipped breakfast because I woke up too late but I ate lunch around 2:30 pm I had a salad with chicken breast and just a little bit of ranch dressing. Day5: On Friday I only ate a bagel and cream cheese for lunch and for dinner I went to the dining hall with my friends to go eat I had cheddar broccoli soup with crackers and apple juice and for dessert, I had me a fruit parfait. Later on that day I decided to order wendys and I order an apple pecan chicken salad with pomegranate vinaigrette dressing. Step 3: Redefine your goal and develop an action plan My revised goal is to make better food choices and watch how Im eating as like food portions. I will buy nourishments that come straightforwardly from nature and are insignificantly handled. This incorporates plants, natural products, meats, nuts, and so on. It bars things like refined grains and sugars, or nourishment that have fixings that I cant articulate. Genuine sustenances areas near their normal state as could reasonably be expected. Set goals Reward yourself Reward yourself: It is an incredible plan to compensate myself for accomplishing my objectives. It will give me something unmistakable to anticipate. It is ideal if the reward is something I just get in the event that I finish my objective. I will make sure I wont use my reward as a cheat day to get myself fast food, Ill actually be wise I will use my reward to spend extra time with my friends, a hobby that I wanted to do or an activity that keeps me active. Set goals: measurable my objective should answer addresses like how much and what number of. This will enable me to measure my advancement toward my objective. Attainable I need to pick an objective that I can accomplish. Begin with little changes. I can generally change my objective later to make it harder. Rewarding The objective should make me feel great when I accomplish it. On the off chance that I think my objective is advantageous, I will be bound to succeed. my objectives ought to be set by me and not by another person. Timely Give myself a time period to achieve my objectives. I may set a momentary objective. Termination Preparation Action Termination: The general purpose of acing the craft of conduct change is to make the life based on your most astounding personal preference. Effectively coordinating a picked way of life change is a reasonable sign that you have what it takes to do that. Search for new ways you can use those aptitudes. Investigate how you may utilize the quality, self-information, and shrewdness youve picked up to attempt new zones of test or learning and to be of administration and support to other people. Preparation: Preparation organize are preparing to make a move. They are more definitive, certain and submitted; theyre building up an arrangement and may have officially made little strides. Now, the stars of rolling out the improvement unmistakably exceed the cons, however, theres some work to be done before the significant move can make put. Action: Search for approaches to recognize your continuous endeavors, to address new obstructions as they rise, and to remunerate yourself for even little victories, she prompts. Snappy course amendments and encouraging feedback will enable you to remain submitted and persuaded. Step 4: Implement your behavior change plan Day 1-2: 10/2 3:00 pm In spite of the fact that perceiving exercise as an imperative sign is a positive development for solid conduct change, there is still work to be finished. I had to keep reminding myself that I cant eat certain things, my friend Niecy decided to go on this journey with me and together we kept each other motivated. We had a set schedule on when we would go to the gym so every Tuesday and Thursday at 7:00 pm we were in the gym. 10/5 4:00 pm after I was done with class I went to Niecy room and we made a list on what should we eat and not eat. It was hard for me to give up the foods that I loved but knew doing this thing would benefit me in the future. Day3-4: 10/10 6:00 am one approach to draw in people in enhancing their well-being is to demonstrate to them how solid conduct changes can be significant supporters of averting or postponing the beginning of an infection or individual damage. Today I got up super early brush my teeth and went for a morning run with Niecy it was so refreshing I think going for a run is better than going to the gym. Later on that, we didnt go to the gym but we maintain to exercise in our room. 10/11 5:00 pm I was taking a nap and I heard a knock on the door it was Niecy she was telling me to get up so we can go to the gym then go eat. I wasnt feeling it I just wanted to stay in my bed and go to sleep I felt lazy, but I had to remember that I should never give up so I got up and went to the gym. Day5: 10/12 12:00 am me and Niecy went for a midnight walk to quick check. She attempted to buy junk food and I told her no because if your on this journey with me then you have to follow the rules I also told her how she made that list but didnt follow the list rules we said no junk food. so I made her buy grapes, crackers, and cheese. then when we came back from quick check we went for a midnight run. Step 5: Evaluate your progress Yes, I did reach the goals I had to concentrate on little strides to receive more beneficial, deep-rooted propensities. Remember that everyday decisions impact whether you keep up imperativeness while you age or create wellbeing conditions. Change may appear to be intense at first, yet with help, assurance and these tips, you can be beautiful. It made me feel accomplished that I reached my goals because I was on the edge of giving up but I knew that I could do it so I continued until I got to the finish line and I did a great job. The difference that I noticed in my life as I lost a little weight and I was eating much healthier than before, I track down the stuff Im eating I write it in my little journal. I go to the gym every 3days a week and when I go up the stairs I dont get tired. I think Ill be able to maintain this change even though it was hard because I had to give up the foods I normally eat I use to eat fast food every 2 weeks but now I barely eat fast food I really loved p opeyes but now I cant stand it I hate the same of it. My plan is still ongoing I go to the gym every day after class I maintain to eat healthier I pick better choices of food Im still working on getting up every morning to go running but I will change that. I will this process will be going on for another month because I love the result that I have this project made me have a better perspective on eating better I sit back and think wow I was really eating this food that isnt really food it was just really nasty I actually watch a video on how they made hotdogs and that was very disgusting. The thing that changed in my life was exercising more, when I was younger I never use to want to exercise I didnt even participate in gym class because I was too lazy to do the activities and my gym teacher told me if I dont participate I was going to fail the class in my head I was like nobody feels gym class but I got serious because I use to get tired after going up one flight of stairs. Yes, I felt like I reached my goals but I knew I couldve done better, in the future I would like to continue this so when I get a family over my own they could do this too.

The Role of Technology in Education - 730 Words

Introduction Over time, many have questioned the role of technology in education and instructional teaching because technology in education is a developing field that many researchers are yet to venture into. Since its advent, technology has greatly transformed human life because it has widened the focus within which man operates because of making his efforts easier and attainable. Introducing technology in the education sector has been viewed as a move towards progress because it has greatly transformed a sector that was initially viewed as being conservative. Currently, educational institutions are outdoing each other in matters technology because each wants to be considered progressive. Moreover, with the advent of the digital era, it is expected that educational institutions should be on the forefront in the implementation of technology because most of these institutions provide the hubs that act as the research centers. In addition, university professors and other stakeholders a re usually at the center of these innovations, and thus a failure of an uptake of technology in these institutions is a mockery of the view that educational centers are technology hubs (Collins Halverson, 2009). With this in mind, this paper is aimed at exploring education and instructional technology in the future. Education in the digital era In the digital era, education is pegged on technology. Currently as compared to the earlier years, many children are having anShow MoreRelatedBenefical Role Of Technology In Education1413 Words   |  6 Pages Benefical Role of Technology in Helping People Obtain an Education Nhuien Tkhi Kim Nhan (Nata) ILSC BENEFICAL ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN HELPING PEOPLE OBTAIN AN EDUCATION Even though most of the population think that technology has a bad influence on our education it still has a lot of benefits like access toRead MoreThe Role of Technology in Quality Education1760 Words   |  8 PagesTHE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN QUALITY EDUCATION Dr.R.Sivakumar Assistant Professor Department of Education Annamalai University Introduction Quality education is a universal goal. It is common to hear arguments that instructional technology will be the key to educational quality as we enter the new millennium. Investment in educational technology is urged upon policy-makers as the path to educational quality. 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Criminal Law Human rights and criminal justice

Question: David, a 20 year old schizophrenic who was prescribed medication for his condition by his doctor, was married to Josephine for a period of two years. Within the last 9 months David became a weekly binge drinker and in his alcoholic state became very violent towards Josephine. On their wedding anniversary David had planned to spend a quiet evening at home with Josephine and cooked a special meal for the occasion. David had a few drinks whilst cooking the meal and waiting for Josephine. She arrived home some 2 hours late and the meal was ruined. David became very irate, failed to take his medication and confronted Josephine as to her lateness. She plucked up enough courage to tell David that she no longer loved him because he was a madman, that she had a new lover, Len, who she had been seeing for the last 6 months and would be leaving David within a week. David flew into a rage and hit Josephine on the head and chest with a poker, killing her. He is charged with the murder of Josephine. Consider what defences, if any, may be available to David, explaining in your answer the burdens and standards of proof and the respective functions of the judge and jury in dealing with the issues arising in this case. Answer: David and Josephine were married for two years. David was a 20-year-old schizophrenic patient who was undergoing medication for his condition. In the past nine months, David had developed a habit of weekly binge drinking and in his alcoholic condition had become very violent towards Josephine. On their anniversary David has planned a quiet evening and cooked for his wife, however she was late by 2 hours, which made David consume a few alcoholic drinks. On her arrival, she mentioned David about her affair with another man named Len and told David that she no longer loved him and was leaving him within a week. Hearing the same, David, who had skipped his medication, hit Josephine on her head and chest killing her. He is charged with her murder. Relieving on the facts mentioned above, the issue that arises in the said case are whether David has any defences available to protect him from the murder charges and the standard and burden of proof, which is relevant to the said case. The present case also requires the discussion about the role and functions, which the Judge and the jury have in deciding the said case. What are the functions, which the Jury and the Judges deciding the case have to perform to arrive successfully at the accurate decision? The defence of insanity is available in every criminal action. In fact, the defence of insanity is a common defence, which can protect a mentally ill criminal from most of the crimes committed by him in his mental and unstable state of mind[1]. The insanity defence is available in United Kingdom legislation also. Under the Section 2 of the Trial of Lunatics Act, 1883, the jury deciding a case in the United Kingdom has the right and the option to declare the accused as an insane person and pass a special verdict, which states not guilty due to insanity[2]. This verdict makes provisions for the accused to be placed in a secure habituate where the accused can be treated and protected. This can also help to protect the society, which is at harm due to crimes committed as a result of insanity of such people. Whenever a jury decides a case, which falls under the verdict of not guilty due to insanity, a lifetime institutionalisation is granted to the accused. When it comes to serious offenc es like murder, detention of insane accused is always announced at the discretion of the Judge or the jury trying the case. Section 5 of the Criminal Procedure (Insanity) Act, 1964 makes provisions for the regulation mentioned above. Another important and significant feature of the insanity defence is that it is the only defence available in the criminal justice system, which can be raised by the judge and the prosecution. It is important to note that the defence of insanity is the most frequently used defence in maximum of murder cases. To avoid harsh punishments and prison, many offended use the defence of insanity as a way to get out of the alleged murder charges[3]. The defence of insanity is available only on when the following events occur together:- The accused was capable of being declared as an insane person at the time he was committing the crime The accused was insane before examination[4] The accused is unfit to file for an appeal The police authorities in the United Kingdom have the authority to arrest an accused if he behaves in an insane manner before the proceedings can be started against him. Such a person is then detained and sent to an appropriate mental health care centre[5]. However, the law requires the mental condition of such a person to be approved by at least two medical practitioners. It is one of the most complex jobs to prove insanity of an accused in a courtroom. As many people have previously misused the insanity defence, the parameters to decide on insanity as a defence have become very strict in the recent times. Section 4 of the Criminal Procedure Act 1964 (Insanity) Act sets certain guidelines, which need to be applied in each insanity case if the accused wants to plead the said defence[6]. These guidelines are taken into consideration by the Judge to decide if the accused has committed the crime in that state of insanity. These guidelines are as follows:- Understanding of charges If the accused is responsible enough to appeal Power to challenge jurors The accused is capable of instructing his lawyers Understanding of the procedure If the accused can provide evidence for his defence[7] The decision of the judges will be based on balance of probabilities. The procedure is that the Judges establish actus reus of the crime committed if the accused seems unfit to plead. Actus Reus is an action or conduct, which constitute to a crime. In case the Judges feel that, the accused has contributed to the conduct, which constitutes a criminal act as opposed to his mental health, the Judges pass an order under section 5 of the Criminal Procedure Act 1964 (Insanity) Act[8] In a case law R v Kemp(1957) 1 QB 399, a husband of good conduct made a violent and sudden attack on his wife with a hammer. He was criminally charged with causing grievous hurt. During the criminal proceedings, it was observed that the husband suffered from hardening of the arteries in the brain, which led to blood congestion in the brain resulting in an unconscious state of mind. It was held that the said problem was a disease of the mind within the M'Naghten Rules and, therefore, the defence of insanity or automatism could not be relied on. In this case, it was important to consider the state of mind of the accused and not the disease. It is important to note that the MNagthen Rules are very important in deciding cases which plead insanity as a defence. Under the MNagthen Rules, it is important to establish that at the time of the offence the accused was suffering from: A defect in reasoning Disease of the mind must cause the defect of disease The defect of reason must be in a manner where the accused fails to realise what he is doing, however, had he known and he would refrain from committing the offence In a case R v Burns58 Crime App R 364, the appellant was an alcoholic and suffered from amnesia, which is a result of brain damage. His condition not only made him incapable of remembering past events but he also suffered from a condition where he failed to register the current experiences, as his brain was impaired. On the day of the offence, appellant consumed alcohol and killed a person the Court held that appellant could plead insanity as a defence as he fulfilled the pre-requisites as mentioned in the MNagthen Rules[9]. When the defence of insanity is pleaded, the rule of law states that every accused is considered sane unless his insanity is proved. Therefore, the burden of proving insanity is on the accused. Therefore, in insanity cases, the onus of proof lies on the accused or the defendant that he was insane while committing the offence. In the United Kingdom, the balance of probabilities is used to determine the decision in the case and the defendant has the onus of proving that insanity of mind existed while he was committing the offence. The Human Rights Act of 1998 has incorporates provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights which state that every accused is presumed to be innocent unless proved guilty. The Criminal Procedure (Insanity) Act 1991 talks about the functions of the jury concerning the plea of defence. Section 1 of the said Act suggests responsibilities of the Judges and the Jury and one of the most important responsibilities on the Jury is never to overrule the special verdict of not guilty due to insanity. In the case of the two medical practitioners, approving insanity of the accused are in conflict, the Jury can decide on the said conflict. Thus, the function of the Jury is to decide on insanity cases based on circumstances and facts in each case[10]. In the present case, David can plea for the defence of insanity for the murder charges on him. He can rightly prove that he was insane while hitting his wife Josephine with a hammer on her head and chest. The facts make it clear that David suffered from schizophrenia and was under medication for the same. As schizophrenia is a disease of the mind, which affects the reasoning of an individual, David can prove insanity and following the MNagthen Rules, he can prove that he suffered from a disease of the brain, which affected his reasoning, and he did not know what he was doing[11]. Additionally, Davis can plea for loss of control defence which was introduced in 2010 by section 54 of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009. Before the passing of the said legislation, the crime of murder had the defence of provocation. The defence of loss of control is a partial defence that may reduce liability for murder to manslaughter. It does not operate to absolve the defendant of liability completely. I t is not a general defence and exists only for the offence of murder. Thus, will apply in the present case. Also, under criminal law, diminished responsibility is a potential defence by excuse by which defendants argue that although they broke the law, they should not be held fully criminally liable for doing so, as their mental functions were "diminished" or impaired, thus Davis has another defence to lessen his liability due to his mental state. The burden of proof, in this case, lies on David to prove his insanity at the time of murder. At the time, David killed his wife; he was drunk and had failed to consume his regular medication, which aggravated his mental condition when he heard about his wifes affair. Considering the facts of the case, the Jury in the said case had to consider the report of two medical practitioners and decide the case using their discretionary powers considering the facts that David was not in the position to plead guilty nor was he capable to instructing his lawyers. Therefore, considering all the facts, the Jury should most probably accept the insanity defence and order special verdict of not guilty due to insanity[12]. Reference List Ashworth, Andrew, and Jeremy Horder.Principles of criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2013. Emmerson, Ben, Andrew Ashworth, and Alison Macdonald.Human rights and criminal justice. Sweet Maxwell, 2012. Harris, David, et al.Law of the European convention on human rights. Oxford University Press, USA, 2014. Heaton, Russell, and Claire De Than.Criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2010. Herring, Jonathan.Criminal law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press, USA, 2014. James, David V. "Diversion of mentally disordered people from the criminal justice system in England and Wales: An overview."International journal of law and psychiatry33.4 (2010): 241-248. Keane, Adrian, and Paul McKeown.The modern law of evidence. Oxford University Press, USA, 2014. Lee, Philip. "Has disability discrimination legislation changed the legal framework for epilepsy in the United Kingdom?."Seizure19.10 (2010): 619-622. Martyr, Philippa. "Equal under the Law-Indigenous People and the Lunacy Acts in Western Australia to 1920."UW Austl. L. Rev.35 (2010): 317. Norrie, Alan.Crime, reason and history: A critical introduction to criminal law. Cambridge University Press, 2014. Roberts, Paul, and Adrian Zuckerman.Criminal evidence. Oxford University Press, 2010. Sprack, John.A practical approach to criminal procedure. Oxford University Press, 2011. [1] Heaton, Russell, and Claire De Than.Criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2010. [2] Martyr, Philippa. "Equal under the Law-Indigenous People and the Lunacy Acts in Western Australia to 1920."UW Austl. L. Rev.35 (2010): 317. [3] Ashworth, Andrew, and Jeremy Horder.Principles of criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2013. [4] James, David V. "Diversion of mentally disordered people from the criminal justice system in England and Wales: An overview."International journal of law and psychiatry33.4 (2010): 241-248 [5] Roberts, Paul, and Adrian Zuckerman.Criminal evidence. Oxford University Press, 2010. [6] Herring, Jonathan.Criminal law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press, USA, 2014. [7] Sprack, John.A practical approach to criminal procedure. Oxford University Press, 2011. [8] Norrie, Alan.Crime, reason and history: A critical introduction to criminal law. Cambridge University Press, 2014. [9] Lee, Philip. "Has disability discrimination legislation changed the legal framework for epilepsy in the United Kingdom?."Seizure19.10 (2010): 619-622. [10] Keane, Adrian, and Paul McKeown.The modern law of evidence. Oxford University Press, USA, 2014. [11] Emmerson, Ben, Andrew Ashworth, and Alison Macdonald.Human rights and criminal justice. Sweet Maxwell, 2012. [12] Harris, David, et al.Law of the European convention on human rights. Oxford University Press, USA, 2014.

Native American religion Essays - American Culture,

Before the North Americans had contact with the Euro-Americans, the religious systems included cosmologies such as creation myths, which explained how societies had come into being. These were transmitted orally from one generation to the next. They also worshiped an all-powerful, all-knowing Creator known as the Master Spirit. There were other hosts of supernatural entities, including an evil god who dealt out disaster, suffering, and death. Also, the members of most tribes also believed in the immortality of the human soul and an afterlife. Many key Native American religious beliefs closely resembled those of Euro-American religion, both Catholic and Protestant. These cultures also had a creation myth, which was described in the book of Genesis, worshiped a Creator God, believed in a malicious deity known as Lucifer, and anticipated an afterlife. Although the indigenous Native American Religion had their similarities with Euro-American Religion, they also had their conflicts. Cultural and political interactions occurred in the US, Mexico, and Canada when the Euro-American viewed North American lands as an opportunity. They showed interest in bargaining lands for exploitation with the Native Americans but they had different beliefs in accordance to their Native American Religion. They viewed God-created lands are holy and believed that their sacred lands cannot be owned by a natural human. Worship practices given to the natural lands were a common practice in Native-American Religions. Conflicts arose when Euro-Americans attempted to seize and develop lands in North America that eventually led to a war. Influences of English Puritans in North America, Spanish Catholicism in Mexico, and French Catholicism in Canada had deviated Native-American religion dramatically. Force-teaching of the Bible to the Native Americans and observ ing practices of their religious worship practices was Euro-Americans primary interactions with Native-American religion.

Whats a Good ACT Score for an Honors Student

What's a Good ACT Score for an Honors Student SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips It can be hard to tell what counts as a good score on the ACT, especially for high-achieving students. In this article, I'll explain what competitive ACT scores arefor an honors student and what that means for you. But first let's define our terms! What Is an Honors Student? Answering this question is tricky becausenot everyone or every school agrees.Some schools have specific honors classes, and enrolling in these is what wins you the title. Other schools name students to an honor roll based on their GPAs. Still others may associate the term "honors" with a certain level of class rank. Whatdo we all seem to agree on?Honors students are, relative to the general high school population, higher academic achievers. This means that their goals on the ACT are likely to be higher, too, so as to keep their standardized test scores in line with their grades, and, ultimately, so as to keep them competitive as applicants to more elite schools. What Is a Good ACT Score? It's a little tough to nail down an exact definition of a "good" score, because there's no single number that marks the boundary between a good score and a bad one.What a good score looks like for any given student ultimately depends on what they want to do with it and who they're competing with. For most student, getting a good score is less about hitting an arbitrary number and more about landing in a range that makes you look attractive to the schools you hope to attend. Your score goal will be very different if you're looking at Ivy League schools than if you're looking at your local state school.Ultimately, agood score is thescore that gets you where you want to go. Nonetheless, you are being compared to the other applicants, so can it be helpful to understand how you stack up against your peers. Think of that ideal ACT score as a ticket to your dream school. Good ACTScores for Honors Students We ran some statistical analyses to answer the delicate question of what a good score really looks like for an honors student. We used what's called a Monte-Carlo method, which is a lot more accurate than just lining up percentiles and comparing those. You see, just because you're a topstudent at your school, that doesn't necessarily make you a toptest taker. Why not, you may ask? For one thing, high schools select honors students based on criteria other than the ACT. For another, some students withhigh GPAs struggle with low ACT scores. Our analysis take thesevariations into account. Based on our data, we've compiled high, average, and low scores for both honors and high honors students. Honors Students We're defining these as the top third of high school students. It's possible that some of these students are not recognized as honors students at their schools, and it's possible that some students recognized as honors students at their schools are not among this third. Let's look at the range of scores for this group: A low score(25th percentile) is24 An average score (median) is 26 Ahigh score (75th percentile) is 29 You'll notice that these scores are clusteredfairly close together. That's because it's really a pretty small range of scores, all things considered. Combine that fact with a steep bell curve distribution, consider that we're looking at the far ends, and, sure enough, you wind up with this cluster effect. High Honors Students We're defining these as the top tenth of high school students. These students are the ones most likely to be in high honors programs, though the same disclaimer applies here as it did before. Let's look at the range of scores for this group: A low score(25th percentile) is29 An average score (median) is30 Ahigh score (75th percentile) is32 Notice that these scores are clusteredextremely close together. As you get up to the highest scores, every point counts. Be a total miser when it comes to those points- pinch your proverbial pennies. Take-Aways Honors students, and especially high honors students, have to put in extra effort to distinguish themselves from the crowd. The difference between a decent showing of a score and a home-run of a score can be entirely in the details. What's Next? Start putting in the work to prepare for this test nice and early. Spend a little time figuring out just how long you should devote to preparation. Aim for perfection:a score of 36 is hard, but possible. What if you don't have the luxury of time? Read about stellar last-minute programs to prepare for the exam. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

Nafta and Mercosur essays

Nafta and Mercosur essays While still in office, President Bill Clinton emerged from a meeting with 33 Western Hemisphere leaders and made an ambitious pledge. By 2005, he promised, a ''Free Trade Area of the Americas would stretch from Alaska to Argentina'' and ''will be the world's largest market.'' He had the idea of combining all trading blocks and emerging as one huge western connection. The question now remains, should the new President strive to accomplish the goal of Clinton? Would the combination of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the South American Common Market (MERCOSUR) be a good idea, or even possible? Would it be in our best interests to link ourselves in contract with not only Canada and Mexico but Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay as well? The answer is definitely yes. As it is now, NAFTA is starting to fail in many peoples eyes. Though it has brought success to some, it has caused distress for most. The inclusion of the South American countries and the MERCOSUR ways could only make the United States more successful economically. To understand why things need to change in order to better our economy we must first know the background information. On January 1st, 1994, the North American Free Trade Agreement went into effect, creating the worlds largest free trade area. Among the main objectives is the liberalization of trade between Canada, Mexico and the United States, to stimulate economic growth and give the NAFTA countries equal access to each others markets. Some of the promised benefits were 200,000 new U.S. jobs from NAFTA per year, higher wages in Mexico, a growing U.S. trade surplus with Mexico, environmental clean-up and improved health along the border. The most important feature of NAFTA that would benefit the people is employment and the promise that NAFTA would create hundreds of thousands of new, high paying jobs. There was also a promise that wages in Mexico would increase due t...

Patriarchal Society and Neo-patriarchy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Patriarchal Society and Neo-patriarchy - Essay Example An example of a patriarchal society and family system is that of the Muslim societies in Arab countries (Sharabi, 1988). Their society is "male dominated, male identified, and male centred." Neo-patriarchy is a modernized form of patriarchy but not modernity (Sharabi, 1992; Tamadonfar, 1994). Sharabi demonstrates this as exemplified by the Arab world. by showing how authentic change was blocked and distorted forms and practices subsequently came to dominate all aspects of social existence and activity--among them militant religious fundamentalism, an ideology symptomatic of neo-patriarchal culture. Elhum Haghighat (2005) says a neo-patriarchal society is a "modernized" patriarchal society going through rapid economic development and modernization as in many oil-producing countries since the mid-1950s. As explained by Sharabi (1988), the process of modernization is a uniquely European phenomenon. Accordingly, only Western societies experienced modernization in a "pure" sense because it happened without interference from other nations. Today's developing countries would not follow the footsteps of Western nations because of their dependent political and economic position and their cultural differences (Sharabi, 1988; Haghighat, 2005). Canada. Canada. The concept of neo-patriarchy greatly helps to understand the case of Canada. Canada is multicultural and therefore may be considered highly neo-patriarchal. In Sharabi's (1988) model, the patriarchy in Canada is cultural in social structure. Understandably, there are dominant and minority groups, as well as contending cultures and religions. Ziba Mir-Hosseini (2005) mentioned Canada as a place where Muslims live as a minority. A spate of media stories about multiculturalism in Canada is nothing new (Fahlman, 1994). During one of their recent elections, there was controversy as to whether multiculturalism should be an "official" government policy with funds attached to encourage minority and ethnic groups. That the policy leads to a fragmented society of too many identities as in Indo-Canadian, British Canadian, and such like was felt by most (Fahlman, 1994). Many argue that if a group wants to keep their cultural traditions, all taxpayers should not fund these, as each group should fund their own activities (Fahlman, 1994) In Europe, Canada is ranked as one of the countries with secular government ranking (Haghighat, 2005). This means the government promotes neither religion nor irreligion. There is hostility based on the perception that "special groups" are getting not only privileges but preferred treatment in Canada. For example, the Ontario employment equity policy has created negative feelings among "older" Canadians towards new minorities (Fahlman, 1994). One look at the National Anti-Racism Council of Canada (NAARC) website ("Canada," 2007) is very much informing on Canada and its conditions. For example, it is inferred that there is racial discrimination in that country. The United Nations is deemed to have required the Canadian Government to eliminate all forms of racial discrimination as shown in its shadow report of July 2004. The report, covering a wide range of issues including immigration, employment and human rights, presents a community perspective on the status of compliance with the Convention by the Canadian government.

Summary one page ISO9000 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summary one page ISO9000 - Essay Example In identifying this system, the ordering and relationship of the processes are critically defined. Second, management responsibility is the thorough implementation and development of the specified management system utilized by the company with the emphasis to the customer’s satisfaction to a given product. Moreover, it involves the creation of policy and objectives inherent in a company. Third, resource management refers to the determination and validation of the company’s human resources, infrastructure, and work environment. For the human resource in particular, the ISO 9000 identifies the competency of the personnel in line with his or her designated work. Fourth, product realization is mainly characterized by planning and application of the processes, design, and production of the customer-oriented product. The planning phase points to the identification of the processes, verification, monitoring and other related activities specific to the product. And production phase is the company’s activity to monitor and control the release, delivery, and distribution of its products. And fifth, the measurement, analysis, and improvement of the ISO 9000 are largely marked by the demonstration, quality control, and continuity of the effectiveness of the quality management system. For the analysis, the important data are identified, collected, and analyzed to determine the efficiency and effectiveness of quality management system. By and large, ISO 9000 is customer-oriented set of standard aimed to fulfill and satisfy the customer’s needs and

E-Business Model Essay Example for Free

E-Business Model Essay An e-Business Model can is said to be an integration of business and trading models combined with associated protocols e.g. HTML, ASP, EBXML, EDI, etc into a business mechanism which uses the Internet as a medium of transaction (McGann 2002). Following are examples of the 5 primary e-business models: Business-to-consumer (B2C) . Here, vendors sell their products over the web to their customers. Barnes Noble.com is an example, where customers can buy old and new books, DVDs, Toys, games etc. The customers have the flexibility of buying at any time without leaving their home or office. The model of revenue is sales of goods using credit card or services like Paypal. Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) – The most popular example of a C2C model is e-bay. Here, people to auction the items they own to other people directly. A person can be both buyer and seller, at the same time. Revenue is generated by transaction fees charged per item sold to buyers and in some cases, sellers Consumer-to-business (C2B) – One of the examples for C2B models is com, which allows the consumers who post a message telling the car names, models, price limit etc., and dealers bid for them. Fees paid by participating dealers form the bulk of revenues for this company. Business-to-business (B2B) – An example of B2B models is com, which   provides corporations with an easy way to distribute safety materials to satellite plants and fill out OSHA reports online. The revenue model is charging for services provided by the company. Business-to-government (B2G) – NSW government’s e-tendering is an example of a B2G model. This website is mainly used by the business people to apply to various tenders released by the government. The tender applications usually require fee for the successful submission, which forms the revenue model scheme.    References Winkle W.V, â€Å"How Internet business models work†, http://www.smartcomputing.com/articles/archive/R0502/20R02/20R02.pdf?guid= Trygstad R, â€Å"IT as a business model†, 2003, http://www.itm.iit.edu/574/week3/Week3.ppt#19 McGann S. T, â€Å"Capturing the dynamics of e-business models†, 2002, http://domino.fov.uni-mb.si/proceedings.nsf/Proceedings/28006F6E9D7E2959C1256E9F00368211/$File/mcgann.pdf

LSD (for Chemistry Class) :: essays papers

LSD (for Chemistry Class) Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) LSD), a potent hallucinogenic drug, also called a psychedelic, first synthesized from lysergic acid in Switzerland in l038. Lysergic acid is a white odorless drug, a component of the mold of ERGOT. Ergot is a product of the fungus Claviceps purpurea. Th e bio-active ingredients of ergot are all derivatives of lysergic acid. LSD is a semi-synthetic derivative of lysergic acid. Thus LSD is an "ergot" - like substance. The drug evokes dreamlike changes in mood and thought and alters the perception of time and space. It can also create a feeling of lack of self-control and extreme terror. Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) also goes by names like: acid, sugar, Blotter, Sugar Cubes, Blue Unicorn, Acid, Cid, Sid, Bart Simpsons, Barrels, Tabs, Blotter, Heaven ly blue, 'L', liquid liquid, Microdots, Mind detergent, Orange cubes, Orange micro, Owsley, Wedding Bells, windowpane, etc. LSD is very potent: the effective dose is measured in micrograms (ug) -- however, the lethal dose is literally thousands of times that, making the drug essentially non-toxic. LSD is non-addictive, and there have been only a few cases of possible overdose where people ingested extremely large amounts of the drug (Alan et al., 1978; Griggs et al,. 1977). LSD can be administered a number of ways, the most common : orally though paper, sugar cubes, on a piece of gelatin, or by pill ; intravenously or intramu scularly. A standard dose with noticeable hallucinogenic effects is about 100-200 ug. The intensity of the trip is proportional to the size of the dose-- it is interesting to note, though, that the duration of the trip seems to stay the same at higher dos es (Freedman, 1984). Physical effects include drowsiness, dizziness, dilated pupils, numbness and tingling, weakness, tremors, and nausea. Transient abnormal thinking induced by LSD, such as a sense of omnipotence or a state of acute paranoia, can result in dangerous behavior. Long-term adverse reactions such as persistent psychosis, prolonged depression, or faulty judgment have also been reported following LSD ingestion but whether these are a direct result of ingestion is difficult to establish. Althoug h LSD is not physiologically addicting, the drug's potent mind-altering effects can lead to chronic use. In the 1960's LSD use was widespread among people who sought to alter and intensify their physical senses; to achieve supposed insights into the unive rse, nature, and themselves; and to intensify emotional connections with others. The drug has been tried as a treatment for infantile autism, for alcoholism, and to accelerate psychotherapy, but no medical use has been established.

Research Problem Essay

1 WHAT IS A RESEARCH PROBLEM? A research problem is the situation that causes the researcher to feel apprehensive, confused and ill at ease. It is the demarcation of a problem area within a certain context involving the WHO or WHAT, the WHERE, the WHEN and the WHY of the problem situation. There are many problem situations that may give rise to research. Three sources usually contribute to problem identification. Own experience or the experience of others may be a source of problem supply. A second source could be scientific literature. You may read about certain findings and notice that a certain field was not covered. This could lead to a research problem. Theories could be a third source. Shortcomings in theories could be researched. Research can thus be aimed at clarifying or substantiating an existing theory, at clarifying contradictory findings, at correcting a faulty methodology, at correcting the inadequate or unsuitable use of statistical techniques, at reconciling conflicting opinions, or at solving existing practical problems. 2 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROBLEM The prospective researcher should think on what caused the need to do the research (problem identification). The question that he/she should ask is: Are there questions about this problem to which answers have not been found up to the present? Research originates from a need that arises. A clear distinction between the PROBLEM and the PURPOSE should be made. The problem is the aspect the researcher worries about, think about, wants to find a solution for. The purpose is to solve the problem, ie find answers to the question(s). If there is no clear problem formulation, the purpose and methods are meaningless. Keep the following in mind: †¢ Outline the general context of the problem area. †¢ Highlight key theories, concepts and ideas current in this area. †¢ What appear to be some of the underlying assumptions of this area? †¢ Why are these issues identified important? †¢ What needs to be solved? †¢ Read round the area (subject) to get to know the background and to identify unanswered questions or controversies, and/or to identify the the most significant issues for further exploration. The research problem should  be stated in such a way that it would lead to analytical thinking on the part of the researcher with the aim of possible concluding solutions to the stated problem. Research problems can be stated in the form of either questions or statements. †¢ The research problem should always be formulated grammatically correct and as completely as possible. You should bear in mind the wording (expressions) you use. Avoid meaningless words. There should be no doubt in the mind of the reader what your intentions are. †¢ Demarcating the research field into manageable parts by dividing the main problem into subproblems is of the utmost importance. 3 SUBPROBLEM(S) Subproblems are problems related to the main problem identified. Subproblems flow from the main problem and make up the main problem. It is the means to reach the set goal in a manageable way and contribute to solving the problem. 4 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The statement of the problem involves the demarcation and formulation of the problem, ie the WHO/WHAT, WHERE, WHEN, WHY. It usually includes the statement of the hypothesis. 5 CHECKLIST FOR TESTING THE FEASIBILITY OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM | | |YES |NO | |1 |Is the problem of current interest? Will the research results have social, educational or scientific value? | | | |2 |Will it be possible to apply the results in practice? | | | |3 |Does the research contribute to the science of education? | | | |4 |Will the research opt new problems and lead to further research? | | | |5 |Is the research problem important? Will you be proud of the result? | | | |6 |Is there enough scope left within the area of reseach (field of research)? | | | |7 |Can you find an answer to the problem through research? Will you be able to handle the research problem? | | | |8 |Will it be pratically possible to undertake the research? | | | |9 |Will it be possible for another researcher to repeat the research? | | | |10 |Is the research free of any ethical problems and limitations? | | | |11 |Will it have any value? | | | |12 |Do you have the necessary knowledge and skills to do the research? Are you qualified to undertake the | | | | |research? | | | |13 |Is the problem important to you and are you motivated to undertake the research? | | | |14 |Is the research viable in your situation? Do you have enough time and energy to complete the project? | | | |15 |Do you have the necessary funds for the research? | | | |16 |Will you be able to complete the project within the time available? | | | |17 |Do you have access to the administrative, statistic and computer facilities the research necessitates? | | | | |TOTAL: | | |

Immigration Outline Essay

About 40% of illegal immigrants enter legally and then overstay d. Crime rate viii. .2011 saw 396,906 deportations ix. 216,698 had been convicted of crimes x. 44,653 convicted of â€Å"drug-related crimes† xi. 35,927 convicted of  driving under the influence xii. 5,848 convicted of  sexual offenses xiii. 1,119 convicted of  homicide III. Impacts: d. Economic xiv. They pay $7 billion in social security e. Law inforcement and expenses xv. costs $90 a day to keep them in detention facilities xvi. Identity theft  is sometimes committed by illegal immigrants who use  social security numbers  belonging to others xvii. f. Enviorment xviii. 45 abandoned cars on the Buenos Aires refuge near  Sasabe, Arizona  and enough trash that a volunteer couple filled 723 large bags with 18,000 pounds of garbage over two months in 2002. â€Å"[132] xix. Illegal immigrants trying to get to the United States via the Mexican border with southern Arizona are suspected of having caused eight major  wildfires  in 2002. The fires destroyed 68,413 acres (276. 86  km2) and cost taxpayers $5. 1 million to fight g. National security xx. out of the 48  al-Qaeda  operatives who committed crimes here between 1993 and 2001, 12 of them were illegal aliens when they committed their crimes, xxi. seven of them were visa overstayers, xxii. four of the 9/11 terrorists. Were illegal immigrants xxiii. llegal immigrants within the United States have attempted to carry out other terrorist attacks as well. IV. Democratic view on Illegal immigration: h.

Protectionism in International Trade

Protectionism in International Trade Introduction In the growing debate over globalisation and free trade, it is difficult to focus on real policies under discussion. There are varied issues that focus on environmental destruction, markets, and exploitation among others, but one must relate globalisation to free trade in order to understand global trade policies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Protectionism in International Trade specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Globalisation reflects the adoption of free trade policies for international markets by liberalisation of policies (Bhagwati, 2004). On this regard, countries liberalise their trade policies with other countries through elimination of policies that could deter trade or act as trade barriers. Some elements of trade barriers include â€Å"tariffs (high taxes on imported goods, which make them expensive) and subsidies from governments to domestic firms† (Spruiell, 2006). Both policies inhib it foreign firms from selling their products and services in local markets because of high prices (Friedman, 2000). The concept of trade policy is easy to grasp. That is, it reflects subsidies or tariffs, which governments adopt to protect foreign firms from selling in their countries. There are also other approaches to trade barriers, such as expensive trade license for foreigners, quotas, and a total ban on foreign goods among others. Protectionism refers to policy agendas, which aim to increase the number of tariffs and subsidies that governments use to prevent or minimise trades or exploitation that result from free trade in the international market. This essay focuses on protectionist measures, major arguments used by countries to justify protectionist measures, and challenges and opportunities protectionism presents to companies that wish to expand to foreign markets. Major arguments used by countries to justify protectionist measures Governments use several arguments to justi fy their protectionist policies. First, infant industries require government subsidies and strong protectionist laws to protect them from fierce competition from well-established firms in the global market (Bhagwati, 1988). Such budding firms may not be strong enough to endure challenges posed by competitors. Therefore, by protecting such domestic firms from external competition, the government allows them to thrive in the domestic market. Second, dumping also has facilitated the increment in protectionist laws. Dumping takes place when imported goods have significantly lower prices in foreign markets than the normal price in the country of origin.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Antidumping policies protect domestic market prices by ensuring that imports do not have ‘too low’ prices below the cost of production or have fair market prices. The US has u sed antidumping policies to protect domestic markets from cheap imports from China. Free trade could facilitate dumping, particularly in non-industrialised countries. Third, in some instances, governments have introduced protectionist laws because of national security issues. Such governments aim to reduce reliance on other countries to supply critical resources and services, which may not be available in periods of dispute. Although it is difficult to identify all industries that are vital for national security of a country, some governments aim to protect their IT and energy firms from foreign ownership. Fourth, some countries have relative cheap labour. Consequently, they produce goods at low costs, which result in lower prices in the international market. Such countries may create unfair competition in the market. However, countries with cheap labour like China have attracted investments than those with high costs of labour. Consumers want cheap products. Thus, if a country has expensive products because of labour cost, the domestic firms will lose market share to foreign firms. Fifth, some governments argue that protectionist laws enhance equality in income through protection of local jobs. These are the essence of high tariffs and subsidies for the domestic firms. From this argument, one can deduce that the US, which has an expensive steel industry, may not compete against the steel industry of Brazil, which is relative cheap. In such situations, the US steel industry may lay off workers in order to cut costs and remain competitive. Consequently, workers who depend on the industry will slip into poverty. From such competition, the steel industry in the US may collapse altogether after several years. Consequently, the US will rely on foreign suppliers of steel. If the US engages in diplomatic disputes or wars with Brazil or other countries with steel firms, it may not be able to get that vital resource for its domestic operation. Thus, the result could be devastating to the US economy. Another different reason for protectionism bears no economic advantages to any country. In this argument, countries note that their protectionist laws should reciprocate laws of their peers. That is, trade barriers should be high to reflect practices by other countries. China has applied this theory against the US in which it uses subsidies and tariffs as bargaining chip when negotiating international contracts. The bargaining chip theory does not support or oppose trade, but it considers protectionist law as a two-way approach. For instance, the US may lower steel tariffs for Brazil only if the latter agrees to lower its tariffs on other exports from the US.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Protectionism in International Trade specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Countries that use the bargaining chip approach focus on enhancing trade opportunities, but strive to protect their domestic ma rkets as much as possible. Hence, they maximise exports and reduce harmful imports (Spruiell, 2006). Challenges and opportunities protectionism presents to companies that wish to expand to international markets Although the arguments for protectionism are compelling, trade protection could hurt economies of countries, which impose them too. Some countries are fond of retaliation. For instance, some reports had indicated that there were many discriminatory trade policies than liberalising ones (Miller, 2009). Miller notes â€Å"governments are applying protectionist measures at the rate of 60 per quarter, and more than 90% of goods traded in the world have been affected by some kind of protectionist measures† (Miller, 2009). Trade policies could result into few goods and high prices, which hurt economies and consumers. This may not be suitable for any firm that intends to expand in countries, which tend to retaliate against trade policies. Foreign firms may not be able to comp ete against inefficient protected domestic firms. Governments that impose tariffs in order to protect their emerging firms create unfair competition in free trade. However, consumers will face higher prices and poor quality of services and products. In other words, firms with quality products may not expand to countries with high tariffs and subsidies because of possible unfair competition or expensive trade licence. Protectionist policies lower efficiency. Some economists claim that free trade may lead to loss of jobs in the importing country. However, economists have argued that competition created by foreign firms could enhance efficiency of local industries, quality of goods, and lead to sales growth and employment. Arguments for protectionist laws are compelling, particularly in saving domestic jobs. A government may be right in protecting local jobs in a local steel industry, preventing the industry from bankruptcy and mismanagement by imposing relatively higher tariffs on imp orts (Griswold, 2001). On the other hand, a government may fail to account for individuals who work in other firms supported by steel products. Other foreign factories can buy steel at world prices and manufacture steel products lower costs. Consumers will buy such products from other foreign countries with lower prices.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This implies that American firms, which manufacture steel products, will experience declines in sales and may lay off a significant number of employees. They may also go out of business or seek for additional capital from investors. This was the case when President Bush enacted high tariffs on steel in the year 2002. On this note, one must ask whether it is important to save some jobs at the expense of others or government should leave economic forces and efficiency to control markets. This point illustrates that protectionist policies have costs to the imposing country. In most cases, one may fail to notice such costs associated with protectionist measures. This happens because one can observe any changes in a given industry, but fail to notice the overall impacts because such impacts are widely distributed, affect many industries and customers. Countries argue in favour of protectionist measures to protect domestic firms and avoid relying on foreign industries. Thus, if a country leaves its industries unprotected from global forces, they may collapse and cause reliance on foreign products. However, this situation may not be bad because free trade does not operate in that manner for both developed and emerging economies. For developed economies, competition from foreign firms should allow domestic firms to re-examine and re-engineer their processes and enact the needed reforms so that they can become stronger and compete effectively with foreign firms. Moreover, it is also unlikely that domestic firms can lose all capacity to manufacture products for the local market. It is also imperative to understand whether industries in emerging economies require protection. Many emerging economies believe that they require protection from well-established multinational firms. However, this is a folly argument. Since some countries gained their independence from former colonial masters, they considered any imports as â€Å"other forms of colonialism and dependence on fo rmer masters† (Spruiell, 2006). Consequently, many countries adopted import substitution policies. Under the import substitution policy, governments controlled how their countries utilised available resources in attempts to manufacture all products they previously imported. This strategy did not lead to any economic growth. Instead, a number of emerging economies fell into deep debt crises while struggling to manufacture all products. On the contrary, East Asia has shown that developing countries can â€Å"export all products they can easily and cheaply manufacture and import products they cannot produce locally without high economic costs† (Spruiell, 2006). Globalisation has improved because many countries have noted that it is sound to maximise the production and export of products and services they can produce cheaply and easily. On the other hand, such countries also maximise importation of products they cannot manufacture. This results into a rapid economic growth. In this manner, countries rely on their comparative advantages and strategies to create value in the global market. According to Spruiell, â€Å"the principle of comparative advantage means that every nation, no matter how undeveloped or poor, has a comparative advantage in producing some goods† (Spruiell, 2006). However, many countries may not adopt open market policies because protectionism is a ‘bargaining chip’. Hence, the argument for protectionism under this theory still holds because nations may only reduce their trade barriers and tariffs if they can get some values from other countries. Otherwise, they claim that domestic firms will have to compete in the global market against other firms, which have protection and government subsidies. Proponents of protectionist measures and bargaining chip strategy question why a domestic industry should face competition from other industries, which get subsidies from their governments. Government subsidies allow ind ustries to produce and sell products at lower costs than costs of production. Thus, proponents of protectionism justify their position as attempts to eliminate unfair competition. However, when one focuses on comparative advantages, they must recognise that the concept requires countries to open their domestic markets and focus on exports to boost their economies. Protectionist laws deny consumers to buy cheap products. Moreover, such laws only protect a few selected business interests to the detriment of the entire economy. Foreign firms may find it difficult to establish their operations in countries, which protect their domestic industries from competition. Generally, countries experience economic growth when they are free to trade with other countries without many trade barriers. Countries with open borders are likely to facilitate foreign investments and trade as investors will find few trade barriers while consumers will buy products at lower prices. Thus, even subsidies may o nly favour open market countries because producers are likely to export their products to such countries. In addition, countries with open markets are likely to import products at low costs (Schiff and Schiff, 2010). Consequently, they will focus on developing their productive industries and enhancing their economic strength. Therefore, protectionism presents challenges to foreign firms that seek to expand in international markets in terms of several trade barriers, unfair competition with protected domestic firms, and expensive trade licences among other challenges. Such firms should seek for investment opportunities in open market countries with liberalised trade policies. This would lead to economic success through high volumes of trade because open markets facilitate trade. It is also important to understand the major beneficiaries of protectionism. Generally, when governments introduce protectionist policies, they aim to protect some industries but not others. On this note, gov ernments would consider industries, which could have significant influences on domestic politics (Hazlitt, 1988). For instance, in the US, governments have selected their influential steel, agribusiness, textile, and lately IT industries for protection against any foreign competition or acquisition. However, other unprotected industries have faced fierce competition from foreign firms, as well as higher prices of products from the protected domestic industries. One may focus on the protected industries and note that they are highly important for the government. However, industries have deep relations when viewed from economic principles. One must acknowledge that arguments for protectionist laws have some merits. For instance, governments save jobs, avoid financial ruins through subsidies, and could be critical in seeking for trade partnership in the global market. However, for every benefit of protectionist laws, governments must make subjective decisions on industry protection and identify industries that will incur costs of domestic protection (Lindsey, 2001). Governments should not select industries for protection based on their political influences, and they should apply economic principles and treat all industries in the same way. Protectionism comes with economic costs, which are not easy to ignore. Thus, fundamental issues should not be about potential costs. Instead, the focus should be on industries, which will bear such costs. While governments can provide responses to such questions, people also have economic freedom to choose their products. Recent trends The most common trade barriers exist between the US and China. These two countries show how protectionist laws work in a global market. However, apart from the US and China trade wars, other countries have trade barriers too. Miller noted that the World Trade Organisation (WTO) released a report, which indicated that many countries were yet to refrain from protectionism (Miller, 2009). The WTO me mber countries had â€Å"130 protectionist measures to implement† (Miller, 2009). Some of these protectionist measures included â€Å"state aid funds, higher tariffs, immigration restrictions and export subsidies† (Miller, 2009). For instance, in 2009, Russia focused on a comprehensive increment of all tariffs, Japan concentrated on reviewing its sanitation laws to restrict food imports while South Africa embarked on reviewing its spending patterns to favour firms owned by the blacks at the expense of white-owned firms. From the above figure, â€Å"China has been the main target for most governments’ protectionist laws† (Miller, 2009). China faces trade barriers from 55 countries, which have enacted measures to restrict Chinese exports (Miller, 2009). The US and Japan have 49 and 46 protectionist measures respectively. On the other hand, the growing economy of Brazil has attracted Chinese imports. Consequently, Brazilian government has introduced some â €Å"non-tariff trade barriers and protectionist measures, particularly in the automotive and light manufacturing sectors† (Deloitte, 2012) to protect domestic industries. Impacts of protectionist measures First domestic firms, which depend on government protection and subsidies, may not be able to compete well in the export global market. Import barriers are responsible for high prices due to high costs for intermediate needs. Consequently, export products become highly priced than the global market prices. This may force such domestic industries to lose market share to foreign firms. Moreover, there are also possibilities of retaliation from other countries. Second, protectionism affects the entire economy of a country as any rise in the cost of product leads to a drop in the gross domestic product (GDP). Third, protectionist measures also affect the global economy negatively as world exports and incomes drop. Finally, protectionist laws slow down economic growth for all nat ions. In other words, the global market requires complete liberalisation to improve actual incomes for emerging economies. Therefore, for any foreign firm seeking to expand its operation in the international market, it should choose countries without several trade barriers, protected industries, and government interference. Conclusion The concept of protectionism emanated to control trade issues that resulted from international trade. However, not all market issues require protectionist laws like some economists had believed. Today, some economists have argued and demonstrated that protectionist laws are ineffective and inappropriate ways of fixing market failures. One major challenge is that protectionist laws protect few individuals and leave majorities to bear the ultimate costs. Not even the poor masses who work in such industries should bear the costs. However, in most cases, protectionist measures place huge responsibilities on individuals who least deserve them. That is, only few individuals benefit from protectionist laws. Overall, protectionist laws are major obstacles to economic growth as this essay has shown. Thus, an open economic strategy can facilitate economic growth and eliminate trade barriers. Reference List Bhagwati, J 1988, Protectionism, MIT Press, Cambridge. Bhagwati, J 2004, In Defense of Globalization, Oxford University Press, New York. Deloitte 2012, Competitive Brazil: Challenges and strategies for the manufacturing industry, Intergraf Ind. Grfica Ltda, Brazil. Friedman, T 2000, The Lexus and the Olive Tree: Understanding Globalization, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York. Griswold, D 2001, Walls of Steel, Carlton Press Corporation, New York, NY. Hazlitt, H 1988, Economics in One Lesson: The Shortest and Surest Way to Understand Basic Economics, Three Rivers Press, New York. Lindsey, B 2001, Against the Dead Hand: The Uncertain Struggle for Global Capitalism, Wiley, New York. Miller, J W 2009, Protectionist Measures Expected to Rise, Report Warns. Web. Schiff, P and Schiff, A 2010, How an Economy Grows and Why It Crashes, Wiley, New York. Spruiell, S 2006, Protectionism Tariffs, Subsidies, and Trade Policy. Web.

Ufos exist Essays - Ufology, Unidentified Flying Object, Free Essays

Ufos exist Essays - Ufology, Unidentified Flying Object, Free Essays Ufos exist The Existence of UFOs is Real? Was that merely a shooting star streaking across the night sky, or was it a glimpse of some sort of alien aircraft? I believe that we are not the only intelligent life forms that exist in this vast universe, and it is my opinion that the earth has been visited by extraterrestrial beings. Sightings of unusual aerial phenomena date back to ancient times, but only after 1947, have UFOs been widely discussed because of publication worldwide. Moreover, many things support this concept of UFOs existence such as sightings, crop circles, encounters, and abductions. Furthermore, Area 51, which is a top-secret military facility that the government would not discuss about to the public, has been at the center of the UFO existence controversy for many years. The government denies its existence, but how do you explain the 240 or more white Jeep Cherokees patrolling an area that does not exist? This and many other factors are what contribute to the mystique of the highly restricted place called Ar ea 51 and the existence of flying saucers known as UFOs. Although, there is no official data or record about the UFO sighting, according to folk tales, it can be said that people does observed such flying objects since historic times. The first sighting of UFOs is marked since the late 1800 by most of the researchers. Private pilot Kenneth Arnold made the most famous and prominent UFO sighting in the year 1947. In addition, he claimed to observe nine circular objects in the skies over the state of Washington and described these objects like saucers skipping over water. There the term Flying Saucer was born. This event led to the reporting of similar reports in different parts of the world at different times. Moreover, according to a rough estimate, about 60% of such reports are hoax or due to some other reasons. While, some of the objects noticed in the sky were definitely Nguyen 2 astronomical in nature like comets and asteroids. However, some UFOs reporting were also a result of disillusion like clouds. There are certain natural phenomenons that give rise to various hypothetical shapes formation on the astronomical horizons. Most of these halos are also perceived by naked eyes and are called as UFOs by populace. Since 1947 there have been UFO sightings in almost every country sometimes there is something called a UFO wave, which for a short time UFO sighting increases rapidly in one certain area. For instance, UFO waves occurred in Italy in 1954 and in the United States in 1947. Furthermore, nobody can explain anything about these waves and attempts to link them with hysteria, mentality and stress have all failed. However, a good amount of 40% cases are still left to be researched. There are enough evidences that rule out all the possible human errors, psychological aspect and hallucinations. In addition, the reports do claim the presence of extra terrestrial components in the earth's atmosphere on scientific analysis. There are also people that often report the marks that are supposedly left by an alien spaceship at grounds, known as trace case. Such incidents are reported mainly by the inhabitants of remote and rural areas. Furthermore, similar evidence to support the reality of abduction events has been lacking or relatively uncompelling but the physical evidence events such as trace case has been more successful. For instance, a trace case that occurred near Trans-en-Provence, France, on January 8, 1981. The witness was working in his garden when he heard a low whistling sound. Upon turning around, he saw an ovoid object in the sky that approached the terrace at the bottom of the garden an d landed. The witness moved forward cautiously to observe the strange phenomenon but, within a minute, the object rose and moved away in the same direction from which it had arrived. It continued to emit a low whistle. The witness approached the scene of the apparent landing and observed circular depressions, separated by a crown, on the ground. Scientists and researchers are working extensively to mark the presence of life on other planets and their possible intervention in earth's atmosphere. However, no significant milestone has yet been reached by any of the

Drought vs ALS ice bucket challenge Annotated Bibliography

Drought vs ALS ice bucket challenge - Annotated Bibliography Example Specifically, chapter 27 discusses Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Hence, Bellenir’s writing is peer-reviewed article. Considerably, the book contents comprise creative ideas of Bellenir on mental health conditions. Through the book, Bellenir provides specifics about emotional and mental health disorders. Through the book, he explains aspects of consumer knowledge relating to the intricate issues about brain disorders and mental health challenges. Significantly, in chapter 27 of the book, Bellenir apply the information from unreserved addresses. The book chapter serves to improve understanding of the risk factors, caused and subsequent treatments Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Therefore, Bellenir’s writing provides insights that facilitate identification of symptoms, and detailed diagnostic examinations. Bellenirs writing is relevant to the area of discussion about ALS. Largely, the work is useful in administering different treatment possibilities and identification of coping strategies for the patients across the globe. In addition, Bellenir explains common health care vocabulary. Thus, the book chapter is a handy requirement for people in various fields of study and operation in regards to understanding the complex human disorder challenges. However, a section of medical practitioners and scholars considers the work as invalid and lack authentication of medical standards. The article is BBC news release providing different sector and stakeholder views on the issue and extent of drought experienced in California. Essentially, this article elaborates current news event and topical issues in contemporary California. The BBC publication also provides information about past similar events. In this news item produced in August 2014, Leithead, BBC newscast journalist reports the nature and magnitude of drought in California. He describes the drought as the vilest climatic condition experienced in a century. Furthermore, Leithead expounds that the

Global Executive Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Global Executive - Essay Example us opportunities available in today’s transnational business environments a global executive has to have a profile to explore these possibilities and navigate his company. He has to have a vision and a strategy. Kenneth Chenault is the CEO of American Express (AmEx), a company that forwarded freight and valuables initially. Today AmEx has evolved into a company that creates and sells financial products and is well known for its charge card. International expansion has made American Express a global payments company. Kenneth Chenault has most of the qualities if not all, that are required to succeed in a global and a highly competitive credit- and charge-card business. According to Timothy O’Brien (1999) Chenault is known to be a â€Å"savvy marketer and a determined revenue builder†. A global executive has to have the following competencies : Strong management skills, able to think globally, sensitive enough to build lead effective teams that are diverse (cross-cultural), competitive, expert in recruiting talent from different regions, must be able to teach, motivate and influence, strong in building inter-persinal relationships, ready to empower people, must ensure feedbacks, has to be a good listener and a communicator as well , ability to encourage constructive dialogue, leadership qualities to lead change and innovation and last but not least to learn from experience.. Doug Lennick and Fred Kiel (2005) have said in their book that the four elements vital for sustained success are integrity, responsibility, compassion and forgiveness. A global executive has to have these qualities. Being a global executive means having a vision and a right strategy. His strategy was to expand the charge card network through banks and financial institutions; offering wider financial and investment services and increasing the market share in niche segments like small businesses and overseas markets. He used technolgy like the web and smart cards for this purpose. He

FashionABLE company Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

FashionABLE company - Case Study Example The paper "FashionABLE company" explores FashionABLE company. To increase its sales, the company may consider a range of strategies. One unique technique the company may apply is the ‘trunk show.’ A trunk show is an event of sales where products are presented or shown to the staff or select clients. The survey by Stella and Dot shows that the majority prefer in-store shopping. It is because it gives them the chance to see the products and make order requests as they wait for the seller to make and convey them. They are in a position to view or buy the goods before they are supplied in the market. The survey also reveals how the trunk show can be successfully implemented to increase sales. Many also said they would be interested in hosting such events if they get the opportunity. Targeting past FashionABLE clients will thus be effective since the former will be more committed to involvement in the trade. Through the trunk shows clients will be shown a video and photos to inform customers of the company’s mission. It will efficiently draw a connection between the company and its consumers. The quantified results of the trunk show reveal that the target market will be wider, since the target age will increase from (25-34) years to (19-55) years. Costs will include; client outreach, promotional video, advertising, trunk show information kit and other expenses. In the trunk show investment, every investment is temporary, apart from the kits. From FashionABLE income statement as at 31st December.

Recruiting, Hiring, Evaluating, and Compensating Essay Example for Free

Recruiting, Hiring, Evaluating, and Compensating Essay Conducting my research for this class project, I have learned that conducting a thorough job analysis is an important step in filling a job opening as well as contributing to the successful growth of an organization in terms of finances and talented workers. A job analysis should be conducted to gather information about the responsibilities, duties, skills of a particular job. In addition, it can include information about the work environment and desired education and experience. There are several ways to conduct a job analysis including using the Occupational Information Network (O*NET), using an analysis questionnaire, observation and interviewing. While doing my research there are other informal ways to conduct a job analysis and it depends on the amount of time and resources allowed and the type of job position. Conducting a job analysis is important because it makes sure that the job description is accurate while being in compliance with legal and professional guidelines. It also helps the selection process be more smooth and makes sure that the right candidate(s) is selected (David, 2011). High performers should be included as well as senior level managers and direct supervisors and anyone with critical knowledge about the job. The analysis can take anywhere from a few weeks to three months if you use a systematic process to make the analysis run quickly and efficiently (Chao, 2012). HR professionals have a responsibility to make sure that they hire productive, talented workers because this adds value to their organization and will help to make the organization prosper in the future (Chao, 2012). For this project I used the observation method as well as researching current Human Resource Receptionist and Human Resource Assistant job openings. I found that the two titles had a lot of the same tasks, skills and requirements, however, from the job openings that included the salary the Human Resource Assistant position was more ($13.00) than the Human Resource Receptionist position ($11.00). My explanation for the difference in pay is that the assistant position seemed to focus more on the administrative function of an HR department, whereas the receptionist position seemed to focus more on front office skills such as copying, faxing, answering phone lines, etc. I also found it interesting that most of the job openings required that the candidate have a college degree, but the pay is about the same as similar jobs that only required a high school diploma or some college coursework. Because of the economy and its effect on the job market, it seems as though  a lot of companies in the Nashville, TN are not really competitive when it comes to pay. Employers know that their is an abundance of highly qualified workers and HR should consider hiring new workers as well as developing their current staff (Chao, 2012), however since pay is a determining factor in job satisfaction, companies should make sure that the pay is competitive. After you have chosen candidates to interview for the open position, it is important that you stay compliant. Being unfamiliar with your policies and procedures can come off as being uncaring and negligent. In addition, it is important to document not only who you hired but who you did not hire; documenting why you did not hire someone can be an important step if your organization is ever accused of not being compliant (10 HR mistakes your employees lawyer will try to exploit, 2012).

no paper :: essays research papers

i don't have a paper. While the Brothers Glazer have been hailed as everything from geniuses to gangsters for procuring Jon Gruden to be their head coach, it should be noted that they also have been incredibly fortuitous. Remember, they tried to get Gruden from the Raiders before, and Al Davis was not willing to negotiate then. For some reason, he was willing Sunday night. If Davis had not been willing, the Bucs would not have Gruden or Steve Mariucci. The Glazers, then, almost assuredly would not have been able to hire the kind of head coach they wanted, or repair the damage to their reputation. Remember, they had already whiffed at almost every pitch they had taken in the coaching process. So the Glazers should be very grateful indeed to Davis. He gave them more than a coach. He gave them respect from their employees, their fans and the rest of the NFL. There is no price you can put on that. There also is almost no price you can put on a great coach. So the Bucs did not overpay for Gruden in giving up two first round picks, two second round picks and $8 million. It's a lot, but if anyone is worth it, Gruden is. Gruden is a better choice for the Bucs than Bill Parcells. Gruden is a long-term answer. He should be the coach of this team for the next 10 years. Parcells, as great as he is, would have been a quick fix who might have left the organization in shambles in three or four years. Gruden is a better choice for the Bucs than Mariucci. In order to get Gruden, the Bucs didn't have to give him the general manager title. They would have had to give Mariucci the title to get him. The potential is there for a stronger organization with Gruden. One of the reasons the Bucs job initially was so attractive is the Bucs organization has been one of the league's best because of people like GM Rich McKay, personnel director Tim Ruskell and defensive coordinator Monte Kiffen. Hopefully, the process of hiring a head coach hasn't damaged the Bucs to the point where the strengths have become weaknesses. The Bucs need McKay and Ruskell to provide a strong complement to Gruden. Gruden is a better choice for the Bucs than Marvin Lewis. Gruden is a proven head coach, and a special one. no paper :: essays research papers i don't have a paper. While the Brothers Glazer have been hailed as everything from geniuses to gangsters for procuring Jon Gruden to be their head coach, it should be noted that they also have been incredibly fortuitous. Remember, they tried to get Gruden from the Raiders before, and Al Davis was not willing to negotiate then. For some reason, he was willing Sunday night. If Davis had not been willing, the Bucs would not have Gruden or Steve Mariucci. The Glazers, then, almost assuredly would not have been able to hire the kind of head coach they wanted, or repair the damage to their reputation. Remember, they had already whiffed at almost every pitch they had taken in the coaching process. So the Glazers should be very grateful indeed to Davis. He gave them more than a coach. He gave them respect from their employees, their fans and the rest of the NFL. There is no price you can put on that. There also is almost no price you can put on a great coach. So the Bucs did not overpay for Gruden in giving up two first round picks, two second round picks and $8 million. It's a lot, but if anyone is worth it, Gruden is. Gruden is a better choice for the Bucs than Bill Parcells. Gruden is a long-term answer. He should be the coach of this team for the next 10 years. Parcells, as great as he is, would have been a quick fix who might have left the organization in shambles in three or four years. Gruden is a better choice for the Bucs than Mariucci. In order to get Gruden, the Bucs didn't have to give him the general manager title. They would have had to give Mariucci the title to get him. The potential is there for a stronger organization with Gruden. One of the reasons the Bucs job initially was so attractive is the Bucs organization has been one of the league's best because of people like GM Rich McKay, personnel director Tim Ruskell and defensive coordinator Monte Kiffen. Hopefully, the process of hiring a head coach hasn't damaged the Bucs to the point where the strengths have become weaknesses. The Bucs need McKay and Ruskell to provide a strong complement to Gruden. Gruden is a better choice for the Bucs than Marvin Lewis. Gruden is a proven head coach, and a special one.

Rousseau Amour Propre

Daniel Davis Philosophy D 12/01/11 What is amour-propre? What role does it play, according to Rousseau, in the Discourse on Inequality? Tutor: Robert Cowan In May 1755, Jean Jacques Rousseau’s Discourse on the Origin of Inequality was published. The Discourse challenged contemporary philosophers in regards to the nature of man, and the fundamental principles of inequality. He highlighted that the inequality in current society developed due to the increase amour-propre has had on individuals.Examining amour-propre shows that it is fundamentally much more complex than simply being misconstrued as vanity; it could be described as a range of things such as pride, aggrandizement and prestige within society. It has played a decisive role within the development of society and has been attributed to being the source of the existing inequality within modern society. Although amour-propre is described in the Second Discourse as largely negative, it is responsible for the development of socialization and the individual drive for recognition.Amour-propre is a reflective trait that is triggered when human beings started coming together, as it requires a human to be compared with another being. It is the need for self-love and the intrinsic need to feel a sense of importance within society. Rousseau suggests this trait is the fundamental drive in all human beings. It gives way for the need to be recognised as a rational human being.Amour-propre could also be described as the drive to find distinction within society; this could be manifested as the need to be championed as the best at something, having your views being considered as rational and valued, or establish superiority over one’s peers. The nature of amour-propre is interminable, and the more it is used the greater of an influence it becomes on a person’s character; the more someone is held in esteem, the more passionate they become in maintaining their status. As it becomes more powerful, it bec omes a source of athologies such as shame and vanity; it is described as the ‘’the source of personal corruption and suffering and social evil’’ (Dent, 1992, pg. 34) due to the overwhelming nature of it. Moreover, as people are influenced more by amour-propre, their drive for a fulfilled life relies solely on their status. As everyone has the same drive it creates ‘’a world in which the amour-propre of all but himself is ignored’’ (O’Hagan, 1999, pg. 173). Rousseau highlights amour-propre as being a reflective trait by examining the state of nature.As savage man is an unreflective and solitary being, the awareness of status would not yet be in his realms of understanding. Moreover, at this point, Rousseau highlights that they have no sense of morality, and only possess two main unreflective traits: amour de soi (self-preservation) and pitie (compassion). The former gives the savage man a drive for survival, addressing only the most basic needs e. g. food, water, sex. Rousseau highlights the primary distinctions of amour de soi and amour propre in the Second Part in the Discourse.He believes that amour-propre is a modification of our amour de soi. The two are very different by virtue of their nature; if amour de soi could be described as the wellbeing of self, amour-propre could be described as the wellbeing of social status. This wellbeing of self doesn’t impose on other savage humans for a number of reasons: being naturally solitary beings, having an abundance of supplies to adequately satisfy their basic needs, as well as not having the unreflective concept of what another savage human is. Although there is a basic natural inequality between savage humans (i. . strength, height) the absence of society as well as reasons that led to one imposing on another makes this somewhat inexistent, further highlighting in Rousseau’s argument that society and the existence of amour-propre leads to the essence of inequality and corruption. As amour-propre displaces amour de soi it leads to it ‘’substituting for the intact self-possessed good with which the latter is concerned the delusive good which consists in procuring invidious personal dominance over others’’ (Dent, 1992, pg. 34).As amour-propre is the main drive for distinction and self-importance, competition between humans becomes more violent and deceitful which creates a greater degree of inequality within society. Moreover, as the sentiment is an artificial and reflective trait, it could be described as morally unjustified. The artificial trait is highlighted by Rousseau when he writes ‘’amour-propre is a purely relative and factitious feeling which arises in the state of society’’ (Rousseau, f/n pg. 73); it is due to the need for comparison with other human beings that it arises only in society and the coming together of human beings.It is this correlation that the trait has with society that leads it to having a significant role within the development of society. The development of amour-propre has played a pivotal role within society: Rousseau believes it is solely responsible for the ills, and inspires all evil in modern society. Civil society was founded when ‘’the first man who, having enclosed a piece of ground, bethought himself of saying ‘This is mine’, and found people simple enough to believe him’’ (Rousseau pg. 84).The state of civil society could not have happened overnight, that leap would require great conceptual development in humans, but from the moment that men started staying in communities was the first real sign in the development of amour-propre; humans started comparing themselves with other beings and ‘’from these first distinctions arose on the one side vanity and contempt and on the other shame and envy’’ (Rousseau pg. 90). Although in early stages of society ‘’amour-propre is morally neutral’’ (O Hagan, 1999, pg. 162) Rousseau suggests that it is the true cause of society’s discontent.This is due to the pathologies that develop from the first distinctions of men. These first distinctions also gave way to the prestige of status; status is the main ambition behind the trait of amour-propre; the egocentric need to prove your importance and standing in society. From this point, amour-propre becomes more established within human behaviour and becomes a major influence on the development of society. The pathologies, such as vanity and pride, then have a chance to develop. The overpowering nature of these pathologies begins to overshadow the fundamental needs for survival.As the influence of these pathologies grows, human beings initial drive becomes overwhelmed by their reliance on artificial needs. Although the initial drive for status can create a healthy competition, this drive can quickly becom e vehement and deceitful as we start to expect it from others. Moreover, the progress of these pathologies shows how our nature changes due to increased influence from amour-propre. In modern society, the omnipresence of amour- propre has changed people from being championed for what they can to do to what they can appear to do.This increases the amount of influence deceit has on society as people can be held in greater esteem for having the quality of convincing their peers of their abilities rather than showing them in practice. Amour-propre can have more negative effect on society: as the growth inequality increases, this attribute becomes consuming as we become obsessed about our status, esteem and personal possessions. As more sentiment is bestowed on our artificial needs, such as personal possessions, the unreflective attributes of human beings are overshadowed.Moreover, the need for such possessions becomes more overwhelming, as it gives humans a greater thirst for more mater ialistic things; as we own more things, our amour-propre not only lets us believe that we rely on such possessions, but more are needed in order to sustain our prestige and esteem. Rousseau gives evidence that these possessions don’t give any substantial happiness to their beholder, however in the Second Discourse: ‘’men would be unhappy at the loss of them, though the possession did not make them happy’’ (Rousseau pg. 8). The envious side of amour-propre is also heightened as competition between peers starts a tit-for-tat relationship on who possesses most of these personal possessions. Furthermore, the role amour-propre plays in society creates social standing, and inequality, by comparing your possessions with others: if you have more possessions, you are held in higher esteem. The more people own, however, the more they tend to rely on such things to maintain their social standing and in a way become enslaved by their personal possessions.Rousse au highlights this in the Social Contract by claiming ‘’man is born free and everywhere he is in chains, one thinks himself the master of others, and still remains a greater slave than they’’ (Rousseau pg. 181): Rousseau believes human behaviour is consumed by amour-propre to the extent it enslaves an individual’s very nature. Rousseau also claims that amour-propre acts as a catalyst for the growth of inequality within society. We also become more enslaved to our status the higher we are held in esteem, desperate to maintain societies’ high opinion of ourselves.Politicians are a good example of this, as their behaviour is constantly scrutinized they are bounded by constantly playing the role that society expects (that of an upstanding and honest role model; their freedom to behave in any manner they want is extinguished by constantly trying to uphold their status. Although it is described as largely negative within the Second Discourse, it is essential for the foundations of society. If humans didn’t have the drive for competition and standing, the socialization between humans would not happen as we require interaction to hold comparison between ourselves and our peers.Within modern society, the innate drive to better one’s self could stem for the overwhelming nature of the trait. Without this drive, the determination within the human nature may only extend to necessities of survival and not the technological and scientific advances that society has discovered. Although Rousseau argues that many ills that exist in modern society are born through society itself, the advancements in dealing with such problems surely have been spurred on with the drive for recognition and status that is bestowed on people responsible for these advancements.Amour propre also develops the desire to be respected and acknowledged, and gives us the sense that we matter. As we start to expect eminence from other humans, our nature changes due to ‘’societies which amour-propre runs rampant, people are alienated from their authentic or natural selves’’ (Riley, 2001 pg. 117). Our nature is augmented so much so, we would become vexed if we are individually disregarded in society, as it vitiates our status as a rational human being.From this viewpoint, amour-propre could be regarded as a fitting trait to tackle the problem of inequality; examples of this in society could be the struggle for inequality in America during the 1960s when the black community fought to improve their status within society and decreased the level of inequality within the country. This concept is somewhat counter intuitive, however, as it suggests amour-propre spurs on inequality but also reduces it. Amour-propre is the intrinsic need for distinction within society.The egocentric trait is fundamental in the development of human beings as it gives us a drive not only for this distinction but also gives rise to ine quality due to its competitive nature. As each human being is only concerned with their own status, conflict and inequality are increased as people develop a competitive nature due to the need for prestige. This has led to amour-propre playing a pivotal role within society. Due to the overwhelming nature of the trait, social class and rank have developed which has led to an unequal society that is driven solely by the need to surpass ur peers. Moreover, the fundamental needs for survival are overshadowed by the reliance human beings have for artificial needs such as personal possessions. Bibliography The Social Contract and Discourses, Jean Jacques Rousseau, 1913, Everyman Publishing, Guernsey C. I The Blackwell Philosopher Dictionaries, A Rousseau Dictionary, NJH Dent 1992 Blackwell Publishing, Oxford The Cambridge Companion to Rousseau, Patrick Riley, 2001, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Rousseau, Timothy O Hagan, 1999, Routledge Publishing London